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簡(jiǎn)述

centos（Community Enterprise Operating System - 社區(qū)企業(yè)操作系統(tǒng)）是linux發(fā)行版之一，它是來(lái)自于Red Hat Enterprise Linux依照開(kāi)放源代碼規(guī)定釋出的源代碼所編譯而成。由于出自同樣的源代碼，因此有些要求高度穩(wěn)定性的服務(wù)器以CentOS替代商業(yè)版的Red Hat Enterprise Linux使用。兩者的不同在于CentOS并不包含封閉源代碼軟件。

最新版本為CentOS 7。 

下載CentOS

CentOS官網(wǎng)：https://www.centos.org/
CentOS官方下載地址：https://www.centos.org/download/

CentOS官網(wǎng)上，提供了三種ISO鏡像文件的下載：

• DVD ISO：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)安裝版，一般下載這個(gè)就可以了（推薦）
• Everything ISO：對(duì)完整版安裝盤(pán)的軟件進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充，集成所有軟件。（包含CentOS7的一套完整的軟件包，可以用來(lái)安裝系統(tǒng)或者填充本地鏡像）
• Minimal ISO：迷你版，小巧、安裝快速、自帶的軟件少

直接點(diǎn)擊【DVD ISO】、【Everything ISO】、【Minimal ISO】按鈕，即可下載最新的CentOS 7 ISO鏡像文件。

以【DVD ISO】為例， 點(diǎn)擊【DVD ISO】按鈕，進(jìn)入CentOS 7 DVD ISO鏡像文件的下載頁(yè)面，該頁(yè)面提供了Actual Country（實(shí)際國(guó)家）和Nearby Countries（附近國(guó)家）的一系列ISO鏡像文件下載鏈接：

Actual Country -

• http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://mirrors.yun-idc.com/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://mirrors.nwsuaf.edu.cn/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://mirrors.btte.net/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://mirror.neu.edu.cn/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://mirrors.cqu.edu.cn/CentOS/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://mirrors.sina.cn/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://mirrors.cug.edu.cn/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso

Nearby Countries -

• http://ftp.isu.edu.tw/pub/Linux/CentOS/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://ftp.stu.edu.tw/Linux/CentOS/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://ftp.twaren.net/Linux/CentOS/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://mirror01.idc.hinet.net/CentOS/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://ftp.tc.edu.tw/Linux/CentOS/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://ftp.yzu.edu.tw/Linux/CentOS/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://centos.cs.nctu.edu.tw/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://ftp.ksu.edu.tw/pub/CentOS/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://mirror.oasis.onnetcorp.com/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://centos.mirror.cdnetworks.com/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://data.nicehosting.co.kr/os/CentOS/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://mirror.premi.st/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://ftp.kaist.ac.kr/CentOS/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://ftp.neowiz.com/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://ftp.daumkakao.com/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://mirror.navercorp.com/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://mirror.vodien.com/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://mirror.nus.edu.sg/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://mirror.0x.sg/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://centos.usonyx.net/main/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://download.nus.edu.sg/mirror/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://mirror.vastspace.net/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://mirror.readyspace.com/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://ftp.riken.jp/Linux/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://www.ftp.ne.jp/Linux/packages/CentOS/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://mirror.fairway.ne.jp/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://ftp.tsukuba.wide.ad.jp/Linux/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://ftp.iij.ad.jp/pub/linux/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://ftp.yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp/pub/linux/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://mirror.digitalhusky.com/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://mirror.yandex.ru/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://mirror.satellite-service.ru/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://mirror.awanti.com/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://mirror.h1host.ru/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://centos-mirror.rbc.ru/pub/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://mirror.nsu.ru/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://mirror.tversu.ru/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://mirror.corbina.net/pub/Linux/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://mirror.logol.ru/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
• http://mirror.vilkam.ru/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso

如果這些不滿足需要，可以進(jìn)入上圖中的其它鏈接，例如：進(jìn)入【list of current mirrors】頁(yè)面，里面包含所有的鏡像列表。

選擇一個(gè)鏈接，以阿里云為例。

里面包含CentOS 2.x - 7.x的各個(gè)版本，選擇自己需要的版本，例如：6.8。

可以選擇i386（32位）或x86_64（64位）。

注意：電腦、操作系統(tǒng)和VMware都支持64位，也不一定能安裝64位的操作系統(tǒng)，有可能會(huì)彈出“此主機(jī)不支持64位客戶機(jī)操作系統(tǒng)，此系統(tǒng)無(wú)法運(yùn)行。”這樣的錯(cuò)誤提示，這需要下載工具（例如：Securable）查看CPU是否支持虛擬化技術(shù) - Intel VT-x，如果支持，確保Intel VT-x處于可用狀態(tài)）。

下載鏡像文件，完成以后，就可以安裝了。

這里面有很多版本，包括：LiveCD、LiveDVD、DVD1/DVD2、minimal、netinstall，我們可以打開(kāi)README.txt看看：

What images are in this directory

CentOS-6.8-x86_64-netinstall.iso
This is the network install and rescue image.
This image is designed to be burned onto a CD. You then boot your computer off the CD.

CentOS-6.8-x86_64-minimal.iso
The aim of this image is to install a very basic CentOS 6.8 system, with the minimum of packages needed to have a functional system.
Please burn this image onto a CD and boot your computer off it. A preselected set of packages will be installed on your system. Everything else needs to be installed using yum.
Please read http://wiki.centos.org/Manuals/ReleaseNotes/CentOSMinimalCD6.8 for more details about this image.
The set of packages installed by this image is identical to the one installed when choosing the group named “Minimal” from the full DVD image.

CentOS-6.8-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso
CentOS-6.8-x86_64-bin-DVD2.iso
These two dvd images contain the entire base distribution.
Please burn DVD1 onto a DVD and boot your computer off it.
A basic install will not need DVD2.
After the installation is complete, please run “yum update” in order to update your system.

CentOS-6.8-x86_64-LiveCD.iso
This is a CD live image of CentOS 6.8 designed to be burned onto a CD. You then boot your computer using that CD.
Please read http://wiki.centos.org/Manuals/ReleaseNotes/CentOSLiveCD6.8 for more details about this image.
The disk can also be used to install CentOS 6.8 onto your computer but without offering any package selection options at install time.

CentOS-6.8-x86_64-LiveDVD.iso
This is a DVD live image of CentOS 6.8 designed to be burned onto a DVD. You then boot your computer using that DVD.
Please read http://wiki.centos.org/Manuals/ReleaseNotes/CentOSLiveDVD6.8 for more details about this image.
The disk can also be used to install CentOS 6.8 onto your computer but without offering any package selection options at install time.

Remember that in order to be able to partition your disk you will need to run the GUI installer which in turns needs enough RAM. The same is true for the network setup step.
The release notes (http://wiki.centos.org/Manuals/ReleaseNotes/CentOS6.8 ) provide more
details about these aspects.

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